"Zhe Xue":A Rhetorical Convention and Its Interpretation
In the various political and academic language constructions of"learning"by the literati of the Southern Song Dynasty,a variety of categorical collective nouns emerged,forming a rhetorical convention about"learning".When Zhu Xi朱熹invented the term"Zhe Xue",it was only an applica-tion of convention.The mirror expression of this analogy enables it to automatically become a type vo-cabulary with information gathering,highlighting the subject,and setting.Zhu Xi used"Zhe Xue"as a method of deducing his thoughts.His conceptualization and positioning of Zhe Xue are related to his own normative discourse,providing another external perspective within his own internal perspective,in order to consolidate the superiority and identity of his own doctrine,and ultimately viewing his academ-ic as the only legitimate discourse of Neo-confucianism.He used various rhetorical devices to directly and clearly criticize and correct Zhe Xue,treating it as a form of divergent discourse and expressing his emotions and attitudes of"not being able to agree with oneself".The rhetorical basis of"Zhe Xue"is not only the construction of group concepts,but also provides a cognitive approach.In the course of his-torical usage,through the means of appropriation and translation,the meaning of"Zhe Xue"itself and its extended meanings will vary significantly with the times.
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