Operating Model of Foundation Universities in Turkey and Its Implications
Since the 1980s,Turkish law has stipulated that only foundations can establish private universities,making Turkish the country with the highest concentration of foundation universities in the world.Foundation universities in Turkey are estab-lished with funding from foundations and receive certain government subsidies.They are governed by a board of trustees and oper-ate in a market-oriented manner,with a quality assurance mechanism established through multi-party collaboration.However,the development of foundation universities in Turkey also faces challenges,such as difficulty in restraining profit-oriented behavior,relatively limited sources of funding,incomplete governance structures,and disparities in educational quality.Foundation univer-sities represent one of the future development directions for private universities in China,especially non-profit non-governmental institutions of higher learning.Drawing from the development trajectory,characteristics,and challenges of foundation universities in Turkey,it is recommended that China expands funding channels,seeks government support,improves governance structures,and strengthens the construction of quality assurance mechanisms in the development of foundation non-governmental institutions of higher learning.
private higher educationfoundation universitynon-governmental institutions of higher learningoperating modelTurkey
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