State Translation Program in the Ming Dynasty and Its Contemporary Implications:From the Policy of"Cherishing Men from Afar"to the Thought of"Integration and Surpassing"
Ming Dynasty was renowned for its flourishing foreign relations in Chinese history.This is evidenced by the arrival of envoys from various states,the missions of Fu An and Chen Cheng to the Western regions,the seven great voyages of Zheng He,and the influx of Western missionaries.What accompanied the flourishing foreign relations was a period of prosperous translation activities that extended for over two centuries.This period witnessed the translation activities of Siyi Guan,which arose from the policy of"Cherishing Men from Afar",and the translation activities of Western learning,which was driven by the thought of"Integration and Surpassing".From the perspective of state translation program,it is found that many translation activities in the Ming Dynasty belong to state translation program.The Ming Dynasty rulers took five measures,including institutionalizing translation activities,fostering cooperation in the translation process,establishing translator training programs,formulating translation norms,and emphasizing Confucian thoughts,to give full play to the role of translation in promoting ethnic integration,facilitating international exchanges,and strengthening the nation's prosperity and military might.In the context of the integration between China and the global community,the scale of state translation program has been steadily increasing.The translation activities in the Ming Dynasty can provide valuable insights for the current state translation program in China,particularly in terms of project planning,talent cultivation,and norm-setting.
state translation programSiyi Guantranslation of Western learningMing Dynasty
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