[Purpose/Significance]In the digital economy era,data has emerged a strategic production factor.The iterative development of data policies has become a crucial measure for leading countries to promote technologi-cal innovation and enhance competitiveness.Analyzing and comparing the development trends and characteristics of data policies across different nations can provide reference for improving China's data governance system and capac-ity.[Method/Process]By collecting the national data strategies and core data policy sets of the major scientific and technological powers through the network research method,and combined with the reports of important think tanks,this paper analyzes the time-honored evolutions of the data policy orientations of various countries and summarizes the characteristics of the development trends behind them.[Result/Conclusion]It is found that the data policies of the major science and technology powers show similar trends in five aspects:accelerating the upgrade of national data strategies,setting up an independent data governance department,supervising the implementation of data poli-cies,emphasizing cross-border data governance competition,and embedding values into data governance rules.On the basis of summarizing the trend of data policy development in various countries,this paper analyzes the weakness-es of China's data policy and puts forward five policy recommendations:propose and implement the national strategy of building a"data power";systematically improve the national data management mechanism;coordinate the funding of research and development on data innovation and expedite the implementation of a mechanism for data regulatory standards;implement a proactive data production strategy to expand national strategic data assets;actively participate in the global data governance system and play a leading role in global data governance.
关键词
数据政策/国家数据战略/美国/英国/欧盟/日本
Key words
data policy/national data strategy/the United States/the United Kingdom/European Union/Japan
维普
万方数据