首页|深低温区标准电阻温度计自热效应修正测量方法比较研究

深低温区标准电阻温度计自热效应修正测量方法比较研究

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标准电阻温度计是深低温区重要的温度计量器具,在测量中存在由激励电流热效应导致的温度计温度高于实际被测温度的现象,即自热效应,该效应的精准测量和修正对标准电阻温度计测量的准确性至关重要.介绍了自热效应测量的二电流法、多电流法和参考温度计法,并在 5 K温度下通过实验研究了这些方法对标准铑铁电阻温度计自热效应测量的效果.结果表明,二电流法中对两个激励电流的优化配置可有效降低自热效应测量不确定度,多电流法可进一步降低该不确定度,但降低的程度随激励电流数增多而逐渐减小;将上述方法与参考温度计法结合可在不增加测量时间的情况下进一步降低自热效应测量不确定度.综合考虑测量不确定度及测量所需时间,建议采用普遍二电流法(电流比 1∶2)和参考温度计法相结合的方法来测量和修正深低温区标准电阻温度计的自热效应.研究结果可为深低温区基于标准电阻温度计开展的标定、复现、国际比对等高准确度温度测量提供参考.
A Comparative Study of Self-heating Effect Correction Measurement Methods for Standard Resistance Thermometers in Deep Low-temperature Range
The standard resistance thermometer is an important temperature measuring instrument used in deep low-tem-perature range.However,due to the thermal effect caused by the excitation current,the temperature of the thermometer is usually higher than the actual temperature to be measured,this phenomenon is the self-heating effect.The correction of this effect is crucial for accurate temperature measurements with standard resistance thermometer.The methods for measuring and correcting the self-heating effect are introduced,including two-current method,multi-current method,and reference ther-mometer method.Through experimental studies at 5 K,the effects of these methods on self-heating effect measurement of the standard rhodium-iron resistance thermometer are investigated.The results show that optimizing the configuration of the two excitation currents in the two-current method can effectively reduce the uncertainty of self-heating effect measurement,and the multi-current method can further reduce the uncertainty,but the degree of reduction gradually decreases with the increas-ing number of excitation currents.Combining the above methods with the reference thermometer method can further reduce the self-heating effect measurement uncertainty without increasing the measurement time.Considering the correction uncer-tainty and measurement time required,it is recommended to use the general two-current method(current ratio 1∶2)com-bined with the reference thermometer method for measurements of standard resistance thermometer in deep low-temperature range.The research results can provide reference for highly accurate temperature measurements of standard resistance ther-mometers in the deep low-temperature range,such as temperature calibration,reproduction,and international comparison.

deep low-temperature rangestandard resistance thermometerscorrection of self-heating effectuncertaintyreference thermometer

孔祥杰、张海洋、刘思琦、宋耀楠、高波、PITRE Laurent

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中国科学院理化技术研究所 低温科学与技术重点实验室,北京 100190

中国科学院理化技术研究所 中法低温计量科学与技术国际联合实验室,北京 100190

中国科学院大学,北京 100049

东北大学 冶金学院,沈阳 110819

法国国家计量院-法国国立科学技术与管理学院,法国 拉普莱纳-圣德尼 F93210

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深低温区 标准电阻温度计 自热效应修正 不确定度 参考温度计

国家重点研发计划项目国家自然科学基金中国科学院项目中国科学院项目北京市科技计划项目中国科学院青年创新促进会项目

2022YFE021020052125602ZDKYYQ202100011A1111KYSB20210024Z2211000027220052022028

2024

10.12446/j.issn.1006-7086.2024.06.016

真空与低温
中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院510研究所

真空与低温

CSTPCD
影响因子：0.567
ISSN：1006-7086
年,卷(期)：2024.30(6)