着火位置与车窗破裂耦合作用下的车厢火灾机理研究
Mechanism characteristics of carriage fire under coupling effect of ignition position and windows breakage
孔杰 1游温娇 2徐志胜 3刘辉1
作者信息
- 1. College of Quality&Safety Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China
- 2. Zhejiang Police College,Hangzhou 310053,China
- 3. School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China
- 折叠
摘要
为了研究着火位置和车窗破裂对车厢火灾蔓延的影响机理,本文通过火灾动力学软件(FDS)对火车车厢火灾开展了一系列的数值模拟.研究考虑了四个着火位置,车窗玻璃破裂的触发温度被设定为400℃.火灾模型监测了温度、热释放速率(HRR)、破窗时间和火焰传播等参数.研究发现,火源位置和窗户破裂通过改变车厢的通风来影响火灾的发展.当火灾发生在车厢中部时,热释放速率和燃烧强度都比火源位于车厢两端时大.火灾释放的高温会导致窗户破损,增加通风口面积,进而加剧车厢内可燃物的燃烧.通风是车厢火灾演变的一个关键因素,引入通风系数变化率来描述热释放率和窗户破裂之间的关系.因此,应尽可能避免车厢与外界的空气流通,并加强车厢内的火灾探测和报警,以提高灭火和应急救援能力.
Abstract
Series numerical simulations of fire in the train carriage have been performed by fire dynamics simulator (FDS) in this paper. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of fire source locations and windows breakage on carriage fire spreading. Four locations of ignition source were considered and the trigger temperature of window rupture was set as 400 ℃. Parameters, such as temperature, heat release rate (HRR), time of window breakage and flame propagation were monitored. It was found that fire source locations and window breakage affect fire development by changing the fresh air supply of carriage. When the fire occurs in the middle of carriage, heat release rate and combustion intensity are greater than those in ends fire. High temperature will promote windows breakage, and the increasing open area will aggravate the combustion of carriage. The ventilation factor change rate has been introduced to describe the relationship between heat release rate and window rupture. As ventilation is a key factor in the evolution for carriage fires, air circulation between carriage and outside should be avoided as much as possible. Therefore, it is of importance to enhance the fire detection and alarm in the carriage and improve the fire fighting and emergency ability.
关键词
车厢火灾/车窗破损/火源位置/通风系数Key words
carriage fire/windows breakage/ignition position/ventilation factor引用本文复制引用
基金项目
Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(LY22E040001)
出版年
2023
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据