复杂铷矿中铷和钾的提取:工艺优化与浸出动力学
Extracting rubidium and potassium from complex rubidium ore:Process optimization and leaching kinetics
刘磊 1马保中 1张全矿 1杨慧 1王成彦 1陈永强1
作者信息
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China
- 折叠
摘要
近年来,如何从复杂铷矿中高效提取稀有碱金属铷一直是研究的热点.本文采用两步法:1)铷矿的热活化和水淬,2)水淬渣的硫酸浸出,实现了从复杂铷矿石中高效提取铷和钾.结果表明,混有适量氧化钙的铷矿经过热活化和水淬后呈现高活性的无定形态,在常压下即可实现铷和钾的彻底高效提取.在热活化温度1300℃、CaO占比30%、活化时间60 min、酸浸温度50℃、硫酸浓度120 g/L、液固比10 mL/g、浸出时间为90 min、搅拌速度500 r/min的条件下,铷和钾的平均浸出率分别达到了99.24%和98.97%.相较于常用的氯化焙烧法,铷和钾的浸出有明显的提高,对环境的污染大幅度降低.经两段浸出后,酸浸过程中硫酸的消耗量减少200 kg/t.浸出动力学研究表明,铷矿水淬渣的浸出过程符合混合控制模型,浸出反应表观活化能Ea=31.46 kJ/mol.
Abstract
This paper introduces a new method for efficiently extracting Rb and K from complex rubidium ore.It mainly consists of two steps:1)thermal activating of rubidium ore and water quenching,and 2)leaching with sulfuric acid.After thermal activating and water quenching,the water quenched slag was in a highly active state.Efficient extraction of rubidium and potassium could be achieved at atmospheric pressure.Under the conditions of a thermal activation temperature of 1300℃,CaO dosage of 30%,holding time of 60 min,leaching temperature of 50℃,sulfuric acid concentration of 120 g/L,liquid-solid ratio of 10 mL/g,leaching time of 90 min,and stirring speed of 500 r/min,the average leaching rates of Rb and K in multiple parallel experiments reached 99.24%and 98.97%,respectively.The consumption of sulfuric acid in the acid leaching process could be reduced by 200 kg/t after two-stage leaching.Leaching kinetics showed that the leaching process of the rubidium ore water quenched slag was consistent with the hybrid control model and the apparent activation energy of the leaching reaction Ea=31.46 kJ/mol.
关键词
铷/钾/水淬/酸浸/浸出动力学Key words
rubidium/potassium/water quenching/acid leaching/leaching kinetics引用本文复制引用
基金项目
National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1802253)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52034002)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(FRF-TT-19-001)
出版年
2023
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据