Based on copper smelting dust,the physicochemical and mineralogical properties were elucidated.The separation and recovery methods of metals from copper smelting dust were compared,mainly including carbothermal reduction process,sulfuric acid leaching,alkaline leaching method,and combined treatment process of hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy.The principle,typical processes,the present situation and existing problems of each method were analyzed and summarized.Moreover,the application of unconventional metallurgical methods for the separation of copper smelting dust was expounded.The development direction of resource recovery of copper smelting dust was prospected.The results show that the contents of arsenic,copper and zinc in copper smelting dust are affected by the smelting process and raw material quality,and the occurrence forms of different elements vary.For the treatments of copper smelting dust,the carbothermal reduction method can release arsenic through the decomposition of metal arsenate and oxide to achieve the separation of arsenic from other valuable metals.The sulfuric acid leaching method can efficiently extract metals from the dust to realize the recovery of multiple elements.The alkaline leaching method can selectively extract arsenic.The advantages of selective separation of arsenic via the pyrometallurgical process and efficient extraction of metal via the hydrometallurgical process can be combined by the pyrometallurgical-hydrometallurgical processes,which is suitable for the treatment of complex copper smelting dust containing high arsenic.Copper smelting dust has both resource properties and environmental risks.It is still the key to achieve cleaner production and multiple resource utilization.The harmless disposal of arsenic,the efficient collaborative recovery process and separation mechanism of zinc,copper,lead and other valuable metals,the material flow of whole process and environmental effects are the development direction of copper smelting dust resource recovery.
关键词
铜冶炼/烟尘/资源回收/火法/湿法
Key words
copper smelting/flue dust/resource recovery/pyrometallurgy method/hydrometallurgical process
维普
万方数据