Effect of asymmetrical lift airfoils on aerodynamic performance of high-speed train in crosswind
With the continual advancement of high-speed train operating speed,safety concerns related to train operations in crosswind becomes increasingly pronounced.From the perspective of controlling aerodynamic lift,an asymmetric lift airfoil structure was constructed to form an anti-rolling moment.Using numerical simulation methods,the aerodynamic performance of trains in crosswind for the original model,fully deployed lift airfoil model and retracted windward lift airfoil model was compared and analyzed.The influence of different lift airfoils on the aerodynamic performance was analyzed.The results show that the lift airfoil has significant impact on the aerodynamic loads and flow field around high-speed trains.The lift airfoils changes the surface pressure distribution on the roof and the leeward side of the train,and also causes the change in the velocity distribution on the roof,the leeward side of the train and the wake area.Owing to the influence of the lift airfoil,a low-speed and high-pressure area is formed between the lift airfoil and the roof of the train,extends towards the leeward side of the train.Simultaneously,the surface pressure on the leeward side of the train increases.Due to flow separation,the vortex structure on the leeward side of the train changes significantly.Compared with the original train model,the retracted windward lift airfoil models(Model Ⅱ and Model Ⅲ)exhibit a reduction in the side force and the rolling moment of the train.The effect of Model Ⅲ is the most significant,and the side force and rolling moment of the whole train of the 3-car formation are reduced by 13.21％and 11.86％,respectively.
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