Progress and prospect of copper recovery in zinc hydrometallurgy system
In this paper,based on the occurrence of associated copper in zinc concentrate,the distribution law and the evolution behavior of copper in the core processes of zinc hydrometallurgy,roasting,leaching and purification were expounded.The results show that during the boiling roasting process,copper changes from chalcopyrite(CuFeS2)to CuO,Cu2O and CuS forms.The large copper affinity for sulfur leads to high residual sulfur in baked sand,which affects the copper leaching efficiency.In the zinc hydrometallurgy process,about 30%,56%and 14%of the copper enter the copper cadmium slag(Cu0),acid leaching solution(Cu2+)and leaching slag(CuSO4,Cu3As2),respectively.For the copper in the acid leaching solution,solvent extraction,iron powder replacement,ion exchange resin and electrolytic deposition are mainly used to separate and recover.The solvent extraction method has strong adaptability to raw materials,but the introduction of organic matter into the extractant will affect the production of the main process of zinc hydrometallurgy.The cost of iron powder replacement method is low,and hazardous waste iron slag will be generated in the iron removal process.The ion exchange resin method is clean and efficient,and the investment cost is high.The electrolytic deposition method can directly obtain copper cathode products,which has high requirements for the composition of the solution before electrowinning and large power consumption.In general,the choice of process for the directional separation and enrichment of copper in solution depends on factors such as leaching fluid composition characteristics,recovery,operating costs,and synergies with the zinc main system.In the future,with the impact of resource shortage,environmental protection requirements,economic benefits and many other aspects,the short-process,low-cost and high-efficiency recovery of copper resources associated with the zinc hydrometallurgy process will become a trend.
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