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云南省林火时空分布特征分析

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研究森林火灾发生规律是森林火灾预测预报的基础,也是指导森林防火与补救工作的重要科学依据,具有重要的理论与现实意义.根据云南省1996-2013年的林火资料,利用地理信息系统等工具,对云南省林火时空动态和分布规律进行了研究.结果表明:(1)云南省森林火灾主要发生在冬、春季,特别是12月—翌年5月,3月和4月的森林火灾最为严重,森林火灾以人为火源为主,所以相关部门应该加强宣传教育活动以提高民众的防火意识;(2)从行政区划上看,森林火灾主要发生在滇西北的迪庆南部、怒江大部、丽江、大理,滇西南的保山北部、德宏北部、普洱大部,滇中的玉溪西部、楚雄南部以及滇东北的曲靖北部和滇东南的文山北部;(3)从地形上看,森林火灾高发区主要分布在海拔1000~3000m之间,阳坡容易发生火灾,且随坡度增加,林火次数增加,当坡度> 20°后,林火次数随坡度增加明显减少.
Analysis of temporal and spatial distribution of forest fire in Yunnan province
The research on the rules of forest fire is the basis of forest fire forecast,and the scientific basis for forest fire prevention and the remedial work.It has the important theoretical and practical significance.According to forest fire data from 1996 to 2013,fire space-time dynamic and distribution rule is studied by using tools such as GIS in Yunnan.The results shows that:① Forest fire occurs mainly in winter and spring,especially from December to May (the following year).Forest fire is most severe in March and April.Artificial fire is the main cause of forest fire,so the relevant departments should strengthen publicity and education in order to impmve the public consciousness of fire prevention.② From the perspective of the spatial distribution,the fire occurred mainly in the following areas:south of Diqing,Nujiang,Lijiang,Dali,north of Baoshan,north of Dehong,Puer,west of Yuxi,south of Chuxiong,north of Qujing and north of Wenshan.③ From the perspective of the terrain,forest fires are mainly distributed in high-risk area between 1000-3000m above sea level.Sunny slope is easy to fire,and with the increase of slope,forest fire frequency increases,when the slope is greater than 20°,forest fire frequency dramatically reduce with the increase of slope.

forest firetemporal and spatial distributionGISYunnan province

何雨芩、徐虹、程晋昕

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云南省气候中心,昆明云南650034

林火 时空分布 GIS 云南省

公益性行业(气象)科研专项中国气象局气候变化专项

GYHY201406034CCSF201508

2017

中南林业科技大学学报
中南林业科技大学

中南林业科技大学学报

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.442
ISSN:1673-923X
年,卷(期):2017.37(5)
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