Changes in morphological and physiological characteristics of Phyllostachys edulis seeds during development
[Objective]The dynamic changes of morphological and physiological characteristics of Phyllostachys edulis seeds during their development were revealed,which provided reference for macro-control and obtaining high-quality seeds.[Method]The seeds of P.edulis were collected from Yangshan area of Guilin.The morphological and physiological indexes of P.edulis were observed and measured in different periods after flowering.[Result](1)From 10 to 30 days after flowering,the embryo and endosperm cells of P.edulis seeds had vigorous activity of division and differentiation,and the length,width and thickness of seeds increased rapidly.The seed embryo and endosperm cells entered the mature stage in 40 to 60 days after flowering,and the growth rate of seed length,width and thickness slowed down.(2)There were significant differences in the contents of soluble sugar,crude starch and soluble protein in the seeds at different development stages(P＜0.05).The contents of soluble sugar and crude starch showed unimodal curve changes,and the contents of soluble protein fluctuated in the range of 4.89%-5.82%.(3)There were significant differences in the content of reactive oxygen species and the activity of antioxidant enzymes(P＜0.05).The H2O2 content showed a unimodal curve with the activities of POD and CAT,while the O2-content showed a similar trend with the activity of SOD.(4)There were significant differences in the contents of endogenous hormones in the seeds at different developmental stages(P＜0.05).The contents of IAA,GA3 and ZR showed a trend of"first increase,then decrease and then increase",while the ABA content showed a single-peak curve,and the ratio of(IAA+GA3+ZR)/ABA showed a trend of"first decrease and then increase".The minimum value was 1.001 at the 40th day after anthesis.[Conclusion]The activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of endogenous hormones increased gradually from 10 to 30 days after anthesis,which effectively promoted the metabolism,division and differentiation of seed cells of bamboo.From 30 to 60 days after anthesis,the differentiation of bamboo seeds basically ended and the seeds entered the stage of nutrient accumulation,during which the activities of antioxidant enzymes and endogenous hormones decreased gradually,and the content of nutrients increased gradually.
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