Responses of avocado rhizosphere soil microbial community and its co-occurrence network to root rot disease
[Objective]To provide a theoretical basis for the research of green comprehensive prevention and control technology of root rot disease,and effectively promoted the development of avocado(Persea americana Mill.)seed industry.[Method]In this study,the rhizosphere soil of healthy and root rot diseased avocado plants in Baise Forestry Science Research Institute was taken as the research object,and the high-throughput sequencing technology based on 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer(ITS)amplicon was used to analyze the differences in the structure,composition and diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities of healthy and diseased plants,and compare the structure and interaction of bacterial and fungal communities,determine changes in soil pathogens and beneficial microorganisms.[Result]The structure and diversity of rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities in diseased avocado showed no significant changes compared to healthy avocado.Pseudomonadota,Acidobacteriota,Actinomycetota,Bacteroidota and Chloroflexota were the dominant bacterial taxa in the rhizosphere soil of avocado,and Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant fungal taxa.At the level of phylum,class,and genus classification,there were significant changes in the composition of bacterial and fungal communities,but as the classification level decreased,the changes in community composition became more obvious.In addition,the alpha diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities was significantly higher than that of fungal communities in the rhizosphere of healthy and diseased avocados,while the difference in bacterial community structure between healthy and diseased avocados was smaller than that of fungal community.The interactions between bacterial species were closer than those between fungal species,and the percentage of negative connections and the number of keystone taxa were higher,resulting in higher stability of the bacterial network.Similarly,bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of avocado showed higher niche breadth and niche overlap relative to fungal community.Bacteria and fungi that responded to root rot,such as Bacillus,Pseudomonas,Lysobacter,and Glomeromycetes,had higher relative abundance in the diseased rhizosphere soil than in healthy soil.[Conclusion]Root rot disease did not cause significant changes in the structure and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities in the avocado rhizosphere,but it could increase the relative abundance of some beneficial microorganisms,and bacteria had higher resistance to root rot disease than fungi.
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