Ecological services function and value evaluation on pan-western-Hunan forest tourism regions
[Objective]Pan-western-Hunan is an important ecological functional area in southern China.Taking forest stand nurturing measures to coordinate regional forest tourism development is of great significance for promoting green development in the pan-western-Hunan forest tourism regions.[Method]The paper calculated the ecological value of 10 main forest stands in the pan-western-Hunan,and obtained the basis for estimating the ecological service value of forest tourism areas through area overlap.Using the monetary value method,forest tourism function index(FTFI)and deviation share analysis method(SSM),it systematically evaluated the temporal evolution,spatial differentiation,and regional characteristics of ecological services function and value in the pan-western-Hunan forest tourism region.[Result]1)In the past 20 years,the ecological services-function-value had increased by 771.9×104 yuan/hm2,with an average annual growth of 38.59×104 yuan/hm2 and an average increase of 32.16×104 yuan/hm2 in counties.The rank was:3A level and above tourist attraction(352.14×108 yuan)＞state-owned forest farm(121.06×108 yuan)＞national forest(wetland)park(115.86×108 yuan)＞natural reserve(99.18×108 yuan)＞national key village for rural tourism poverty alleviation(47.83×108 yuan)＞Chinese ethnic minority characteristic village(27.71×108 yuan)＞cultural relics protection unit(8.12×108 yuan).The top five counties were Cili county,Yongshun county and Sangzhi county,Yongding district and Yuanling county,ranked last five were Hongjiang city,Chenxi county,Mayang county,Huayuan county and Xinhua county;2)The county with the lowest ecological service value for 3A level and above tourist attractions was Hongjiang city(1.16 wan yuan/hm2).The unit value of nature reserves in 12 counties including Yongding district and Cili county were zero.Cultural relics protection units in 10 counties,including Jingzhou county and Longshan county,were 0.01×104 yuan/hm2.National forest(wetland)parks in 4 counties,including Sangzhi county and Luxi county were zero.State owned forest farms and national key villages for rural tourism poverty alleviation were also zero.The counties with the lowest unit value of ethnic minority characteristic villages in China were Zhijiang county(0.18×104 yuan/hm2),Huayuan county(0.12×104 yuan/hm2)and Mayang county(0.08×104 yuan/hm2);3)The value of carbon sequestration,oxygen release and water source conservation functions was 390.43×104 yuan/hm2 and 382.94×104 yuan/hm2 respectively.The value of soil conservation,nutrient accumulation and biodiversity protection was relatively high,forest landscape value in counties was 11.01×104 yuan/hm2.The forest tourism function index of Yongding district,Cili county,Sangzhi county,Yongshun county and Yuanling county was relatively high in each period with exceeding 1.5 level while the other 20 counties remain basically unchanged.[Conclusion]The ecological services function is diverse and the value is constantly increasing.3A level and above tourist attractions,state-owned forest farms,national forest(wetland)parks,and nature reserves are the main types of forest tourism areas that play their ecological value.Strengthening regional cooperation,adhering to the forest main functions positioning,adjusting forest ecological performance structure,reasonably defining the forest ecological services function space which can further improve the supply level of ecological services value.
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