The impact of light conditions on the microclimate of intercropped forest and medicinal plants and the growth and quality of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata
[Objective]Intercropping medicinal crops under the trees is an effective way to increase early-stage income in the long-term management of precious tree species such as teak.Compared with open-air cultivation,the under-tree environment,especially the lighting conditions,is an important factor that affects the growth and development of medicinal plants.Studying the effects of lighting conditions on the growth and yield of medicinal plants can provide feasible technical references for determining the appropriate lighting environment and optimizing the intercropping management of teak.[Method]The experiment was conducted in Jianfengling,Hainan,and the research subject was the intercropped Alpinia katsumadai Hayata under teak trees.Three types of stands with different light transmittance rates(high:80%,medium:60%,and low:40%)were selected to observe microclimatic parameters such as temperature,humidity,and 10 cm soil temperature inside the stands.The annual growth of A.katsumadai Hayata in height and ground diameter was measured.Additionally,during the fruiting period(August),the number and mass of fruits from each plant were collected and counted.The differences in the microclimate,growth,yield,and quality of A.katsumadai Hayata under teak trees with different light intensities were analyzed.[Result]The lighting conditions had an impact on the microclimate within the forest.The air temperature and soil temperature varied with the seasons,and only in May,the temperature and 10 cm soil temperature in the stands with high light transmittance were higher than those with medium and low light transmittance.However,the humidity within the forest was the highest in the stands with low light transmittance.The height of A.katsumadai Hayata decreased as the light transmittance increases,and both the height and ground diameter were better in the stands with low light transmittance than in those with medium and high light transmittance.There was no significant difference in the number of fruits per plant of A.katsumadai Hayata under different lighting conditions,but there was a significant difference in the mass of individual fruit,with the highest mass found in the stands with low light transmittance.Both excessively high and low light levels were not conducive to the accumulation of effective active substances in A.katsumadai Hayata.The active ingredients in the seeds of A.katsumadai Hayata grown in stands with moderate(60%)light transmittance are significantly higher than those in other treatments.[Conclusion]Intercropping medicinal plants with teak forests can alter the microclimate,growth,and quality of A.katsumadai Hayata by influencing lighting conditions.An undergrowth intercropping environment with 60%light transmittance is capable of cultivating A.katsumadai Hayata with higher quality.
万方数据
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