Diversity of spontaneous herbaceous plants and influencing factors in different habitats within the main urban area of Zhengzhou
[Objective]Urban habitats are important habitats for the growth of spontaneous herbaceous plants,and understanding the spatial distribution pattern of spontaneous herbaceous plants in different urban habitats is helpful for the planning and conservation of urban plant landscapes.[Method]A total of 1 667 herbaceous sample plots were set up using the sample plot survey method to investigate and analyze the species composition and diversity characteristics of spontaneous herbaceous plants in different urban habitats,and the relationship between the diversity of spontaneous herbaceous plants and environmental factors was explored using the redundancy analysis method.[Result]There were 291 species of spontaneous herbaceous plants in six urban habitats,belonging to 46 families and 167 genera,with Asteraceae,Poaceae,Fabaceae and Brassicaceae being the most abundant;Soil wasteland,landscaped green spaces and river corridors contained higher numbers of species,with larger mean values of the Shannon-Wiener index,Patrick's index and Simpson's index,which were significantly higher than those of gravel wasteland,road gaps and tree pools(P＜0.05);Environmental factors varied significantly among urban habitats,with river corridors having the highest soil water content,highest conductivity,highest pH,and lowest firmness and the road gaps having the highest soil firmness,lowest water content,and lowest conductivity,and tree pools having the lowest soil pH;Spearman correlation analysis showed that soil moisture content was significantly negatively correlated with soil compaction,highly significant positively correlated with soil electrical conductivity,and human disturbance was significantly positively correlated with soil compaction;RDA results indicated that anthropogenic disturbance and soil moisture content had highly significant effects on spontaneous herb community diversity,followed by soil conductivity and soil compactness.[Conclusion]Soil waste land,garden green space and river corridor are rich in microhabitat types and high in habitat heterogeneity,which can provide living space for spontaneous herbaceous plants with different ecological habits,and have a positive effect on spontaneous herbaceous plant diversity support.
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