The series arc is a major fault type in photovoltaic systems,and understanding the radiation characteristics of photovoltaic arcs is crucial for arc detection in these systems.To enable efficient detection of arc faults,antenna design tailored to the arc's characteristic frequency band is required.This study investigates the Hilbert fractal antenna and proposes a fifth-order Hilbert fractal antenna for arc fault detection.By increasing the fractal antenna's order,reducing the resonant frequency,and broadening the antenna bandwidth,the design achieves significant electromagnetic radiation energy in the 0～500 MHz frequency range,with VSWR less than 3 in the 10～140 MHz and 170～500 MHz bands,and a gain of-38 dB,ensuring good directionality.The experimental platform for photovoltaic series arc was established,and the time-frequency characteristics of arc electromagnetic radiation signals were analyzed using the designed fifth-order Hilbert fractal antenna.The research offers valuable insights for detecting arc faults in photovoltaic systems.
photovoltaic series arcfive-order Hilbert fractal antennaarc radiation characteristicsarc fault detection
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