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认知非正义:公众参与科学的互动难题

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认知非正义是运用理性能力在追逐认知效率过程中对他人作为认知主体的排斥或否定行为,在社会交往中具有一定必然性,亦存在于公众参与科学的互动过程.公众参与科学范式下的认知非正义具有存在隐蔽性、伤害对称性和阐释垄断性的特点,其危害在于阻碍专家与公众间的知识传递,使专家信任易于破坏且难以建立,并有损公众科学项目中公众构成应有的包容性和多样性.为对抗认知非正义,认知谦逊是专家和公众应具备的认知德性,也是理解科学与民主相互交织关系的必要态度.通过制度设计作为辅助手段,结合科学系统中有益的情境因素,从个人情感角度出发进行的行为调整,有助于掌握并运用认知谦逊.
Epistemic Injustice:The Interactive Conundrum of Public Engagement with Science
Epistemic injustice refers to the behavior of rejecting or negating others as epistemic subjects in the process of pursuing epistemic efficiency by using rational ability.It has certain inevitability in social communication and also exists in the interactive process of public engagement with science.The epistemic injustice under the paradigm of public engagement with science has the characteristics of concealment,damage symmetry and interpretation mo-nopoly.Its harm lies in hindering the knowledge transfer between experts and the public,making the trust of experts easy to be destroyed and difficult to establish,damaging the inclusiveness and diversity of the public composition in public science projects.In order to combat epistemic injustice,epistemic humility is a virtue that experts and the public should possess,and also a necessary attitude to understand the interwoven relationship between science and democracy.Through institutional design as an auxiliary means,combined with the beneficial situational factors in the scientific system,behavioral adjust-ment from the perspective of personal emotion is helpful to master and apply epistemic humility.

epistemic injusticepublic engagement with scienceepistemic virtueepistemic humility

崔天

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南开大学社会学院,天津 300350

认知非正义 公众参与科学 认知德性 认知谦逊

国家社会科学基金重大项目

18ZDA163

2024

自然辩证法研究
中国自然辩证法研究会

自然辩证法研究

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.395
ISSN:1000-8934
年,卷(期):2024.40(3)
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