戈弗雷-史密斯对主观经验的演化解释
Godfrey-Smith's Evolutionary Explanation of Subjective Experience
刘颖1
作者信息
- 1. 中国人民大学哲学院,北京 100872
- 折叠
摘要
意识科学正面临理论、方法和跨学科整合的困难.哲学家戈弗雷-史密斯采用全新的研究方式积极应对意识研究的主观经验难题.他不仅引入演化生物学,还吸收了动物行为学、神经科学等多学科的证据,立足于生物渐进主义立场,探索主观经验的起源与演化问题.在研究广度上,考察了从原生到后生动物等大范围物种;在深度上,追溯了大时间尺度内的连续演化进程.戈弗雷-史密斯由此发现,生物体主观经验的起源与其能动性的显著提升有关,随后演化的一系列新生物特性进一步丰富了这些经验.他最终把人类主观经验视作"广度+焦点"的具有生物特征标记的"经验档案"式的存在.这些研究成果,为我们理解人类主观经验,破解意识难题提供了全新的视角.
Abstract
The science of consciousness is facing difficulties in theory,methodology and interdisciplinary integration.Philosopher Godfrey-Smith adopts a new approach to address the subjective experience problem in consciousness research.He not only introduces evolutionary biology,but also draws on ev-idence from multiple disciplines,including animal behavior and neuroscience.Grounded in a biological gradualism,he explores the question of the origin and evolution of subjective experience.In breadth,he examines a large range of species,from protozoa to metazoans;in depth,he traces successive evo-lutionary processes over large time scales.Godfrey-Smith thus found that the origin of an organism's subjective experience was associated with a signifi-cant improvement in its agency,which was further enriched by a series of new biological properties that evolved subsequently.He ultimately viewed human subjective experience as a biometrically marked"experience profile"with"breadth+focus".These research results provide a new perspective for us to understand human subjective experience and to solve the problem of consciousness.
关键词
戈弗雷-史密斯/主观经验/个体视角/经验档案/动物意识Key words
Godfrey-Smith/subjective experience/a point of view/experience profile/animal consciousness引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
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