重审科学革命概念
Reviewing the Conceptions of the Scientific Revolution
何天翼 1袁江洋1
作者信息
- 1. 中国科学院大学人文学院,北京 100049
- 折叠
摘要
科学革命曾作为科学史研究中的枢纽性概念影响了一个时代,但从科学史学史的视角来看,这种强调革命和断裂的编史学原则武断地切断了历史;从长时段的科学发展进程来看,它又武断地切断了科学的积累性和连续性.考察多种版本的科学革命概念的提出、发展与流变进程,比较奥恩斯坦、鲁滨逊、柯瓦雷、巴特菲尔德、库恩、I·B·科恩、F·科恩等人所主张的科学革命概念,可清楚地看到:科学革命概念始终未能摆脱狭隘民族主义的陷阱与历史断裂论陷阱,它未必为科学史研究提供了真正适宜的进路,也未必能够真切地揭示科学发展的历史进程.科学史研究应超越民族主义,重新拾起萨顿的新人文主义理想.
Abstract
The conception of the Scientific Revolution has influenced an era as a pivot in the field of the history of science.However,from the perspective of the history of the history of science,such principle of historiography,which emphasized revolutions and breaks,arbitrarily cut off history;and from the perspective of the long-period development of science,it arbitrarily cut off the accumulation and continuity of science.Examining the development and evolution of conceptions of the Scientific Revolution or scientific revolutions set up by Martha Ornstein,James Harvey Robinson,Alexandre Koyré,Her-bert Butterfield,Thomas Samuel Kuhn,I.Bernard Cohen,Floris Cohen,etc.,it can be clearly seen that the conceptions of the Scientific Revolution failed to get rid of the pitfalls of narrow nationalism and the trap of the theory of historical rupture,and that neither it provided a truly suitable approach for the study of the history of science,nor it was able to reveal the truth of the development of science because it cut off the accumulation and continuity of science.The study of the history of science should go beyond nationalism and revive Sarton's ideal of new humanism by long-period global history of science.
关键词
科学史理论/科学革命概念/萨顿理想/长时段全球科学史Key words
theory of the history of science/conceptions of the Scientific Revolution/Sarton's ideal/long-period global history of science引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项(22VLS017)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据