Objectification Theory and the Moral Accountability Dilemma:Two Paradigms for Thinking about Science and Technology Ethics
The creator's will to objectify,which originates from the technique and its products,constitutes the driving force for the rapid development of the technique,because in the products of the technique,in the process of production,in the process of others enjoying the products,and in the process of realizing the class essence,the creator reflects on and enjoys the power of his own essence;the utility and domination embedded in the outside induce the creator to generate motives different from the will to objectify,which further stimulates the creator to carry out the technique production with motivation and creativity.However,the creator is often not the dominator and operator of the technique and its products,which determines that the creator does not constitute the first responsible for the misuse and abuse of the technique.In the motivational clusters of creators,if their will to objectify is completely dominated by utilitarian and dominant motives,and if they are indirectly or directly involved in the dominant behavior of the technique,then they will be-come the joint first responsible.The way in which technique and its products are applied as means to the realization of the good as an end is directly deter-mined by the possession of intellectual and moral virtues,i.e.,moral persunhood,by the actors who possess power and capital.The realization of moral responsibility from consequences is a kind of attribute and consequence thinking,which cannot fundamentally solve the problem of necessity in the ethics of science and technology,and true moral responsibility can only be realized from the beginning,i.e.,from the good will,which is a process of making the universal law of practice one's own motivation,and carrying it out in all aspects of the use of technique.Whether it is made for its own objectification or whether it is pursued for another purpose,and whether it is the particular will or the general will that motivates the full use of technique are the two ways of laying the ethical foundations of technique,and the two paradigms for thinking about the ethics of science and technology.
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