From"Western Languages"to"Western Learning":A Historical Probe into the Curriculum Reform at School of Combined Learning
As the first government-run school of foreign languages in the late Qing Dynasty,the School of Combined Learning(also known as Peking Tongwen Guan)had great influence on Chinese science,language and education.At the establishment of the Peking Tongwen Guan,when the"Western Languages"was introduced into its curriculum,the Peking Tongwen Guan encountered the crises such as the shortage of enrollment and the lack of teach-ers.With the Westernization Movement championed by Qing government,the Peking Tongwen Guan tried to integrate the western curriculum into the Chi-nese curriculum system,for the successful curriculum reform from"Western Languages"to"Western Learning".The curriculum reform further pushed the modernization of Chinese education;however,it still encountered many difficulties,such as the low quality of students,the language barrier between teachers and students.The above-mentioned difficulties were caused by Chinese and Western cultural differences.Therefore,revisiting the curriculum reform from"Western Languages"to"Western Learning"in the Peking Tongwen Guan from the historical perspective can provide references and lessons for the contemporary curriculum reform in our country.By doing so,we can find a better solution to the modem curriculum reform and open a new page of curriculum reform.
Western LanguageWestern LearningSchool of Combined Learning(Peking Tongwen Guan)curriculum reformculture conflict
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