How it is Possible to Transcend the Dilemma of the"Turns"in Philosophy of Technology:Return to Marx's Notes on Technology
To transcend or integrate the various"turns"in the philosophy of technology,it might be necessary to return to Marx.The philosophy of technolo-gy in the 21st century has fallen into a dilemma between an"empirical turn"and an"ethical turn",and the key to overcoming this dilemma lies in the phil-osophical reconstruction that transcends both factual judgments and value judgments.Marx's technical thoughts,articulated in the"Notes on Technology"and related writings,perfectly integrate the engineering tradition with the critical tradition,thus helping to curb the separation of normativity and empiricism,the opposition between instrumental rationality and value rationality,and the division between engineering traditions and the humanities.Based on Marx's"Notes on Technology",this paper attempts to demonstrate the development of his critique of socio-historical reflection on the integration of humans and machines,the organic unity of normativity,ideality,empiricism,and scientificity,which is where his greatness lies beyond engineering and humanistic tech-nology philosophy.Hence,to transcend the new predicaments faced by contemporary philosophy of technology,we need to return to Marx.
Marx"turns"Notes on Technologyphilosophy of technology
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