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机器人航天员的发展综述及展望

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随着中国空间站的全面建成,使用机器人航天员辅助或替代人类航天员已成为备受关注的研究热点.综述了世界主要航天强国在过去二十多年中机器人航天员在空间站舱内服务领域的发展现状、趋势、关键技术与挑战,并展望了未来的研究方向.介绍了国内外在机器人航天员方向的研究进展;分析了该领域发展所面临的4 个关键技术挑战:环境感知、自主决策、运动规划和灵巧操作;最后,展望了未来的研究方向,包括先进感知技术、自主决策技术、人机交互技术以及多传感器融合的操作技术.研究内容有望为机器人航天员在空间站舱内执行任务提供更智能、更高效的支持.
Overview and Prospect of Development of Robot Astronauts
With the completion of China Space Station,the use of robot astronauts to assist or re-place human astronauts has become a prominent research focus.This paper reviews the development status,trends,key technologies,and challenges in the field of robot astronaut services inside the space station by major spacefaring nations over the past two decades and provides an outlook on fu-ture research directions.The progress in robot astronaut research,both domestically and internation-ally,is introduced,and four key technical challenges in this field are analyzed:environmental per-ception,autonomous decision-making,motion planning,and dexterous manipulation.Finally,fu-ture research directions are projected,including advanced sensing technologies,autonomous deci-sion-making technologies,human-robot interaction technologies,and multi-sensor fusion operation technologies.These research efforts are expected to provide more intelligent and efficient support for robot astronauts in performing tasks inside the space station.

robot astronautoperating inside vehicleenvironmental awarenessautonomous deci-siondexterous operation

徐坤、韩萌、赵志军、庄星瀚、陈佳伟、王耀兵、丁希仑

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北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院,北京 100191

北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京 100094

机器人航天员 在轨舱内操作 环境感知 自主决策 灵巧操作

2024

载人航天
中国载人航天工程办公室

载人航天

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.411
ISSN:1674-5825
年,卷(期):2024.30(6)