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洞庭湖区洲滩环境演变对东方田鼠暴发成灾的影响

The influence of lake beach's environmental evolution on the Yangtze vole disaster in Dongting Lake area

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在分析洞庭湖区东方田鼠暴发成灾史及灾情的基础上,研究了洞庭湖区洲滩演变对东方田鼠暴发成灾的影响.研究认为,中低位洲滩出露面积不断增大使东方田鼠种群迅速膨胀,高位洲滩出露面积减小造成汛期东方田鼠大量向垸内农田迁移;湖区洲滩冬春季连续出露天数增加延长了东方田鼠的繁殖期;汛期洪峰水位增高,洲滩大面积淹没迫使东方田鼠大量迁向垸内;湖内废弃湖堤为东方田鼠逃避洪水提供了中途休养之地;洲滩地抑制东方田鼠种群膨胀的天敌数量已大大减少.据此,本文指出,三峡工程建成后将对洞庭湖区洲滩演变产生重大影响,因而将改变东方田鼠种群生态环境条件,引起种群动态变化,值得注意.
On the basis of the analysis on the Yangtze vole's disaster history and condition in Dongting Lake area,the influence of the lake beach's environmental evolution on the vole disaster is studicd in this paper.The rise of low-middle-level beach area causes the vole's population explosion,the reduction of high-level beach area forces the voles into the farmland during the flood season,and the emergence period's continual increase extends the vole's habitat areas and forces them to migrate into the farmland.The discarded dike provides a rest place halfway for the voles,which escape the flood,and the natural enemies of the voles,which are a natural barrier against the vole's population expansion,decreases.According to this study,the conclusions are put for ward as follows:after Three-gorge Project's construction it will produce great influences on the beach evolution in Dongting Lake area,leading to the changes of the vole's ecological environment situation and resulting in the vole's population changes which deserves attention.

vole disasterDongting Lake areaLake beachYangtze vole(Microtus fortis)

邹邵林、郭聪、刘新平

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中国科学院长沙农业现代化研究所,湖南长沙410125

鼠害 洞庭湖区 洲滩 东方田鼠

中国科学院特别支持项目

STZ-1-13

2000

自然灾害学报
中国地震局工程力学所 中国灾害防御协会

自然灾害学报

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.862
ISSN:1004-4574
年,卷(期):2000.9(2)
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