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河套及其相邻区夏半年极端高温的时空变化特征

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利用河套及其相邻地区1961-2010年81个气象台站夏半年的逐日最高气温资料,计算了各台站夏半年的极端高温阈值,对极端高温频数的时空特征和变化趋势进行了分析.结果表明:河套及其相邻地区夏半年极端高温阈值呈东南部和西北部高、西南部低的分布;夏半年极端高温频数在地域上主要呈一致性和东南—西北反位相变化;在空间上可分为河套北部区、河套东南区、河套西南区3个异常分区;3个异常分区中,河套西南区夏半年极端高温频数增加趋势显著,河套北部区增加趋势较明显,而河套东南区减少趋势较明显;河套北部区与河套西南区的年际变化趋势相近,1960年代至1980年代偏少、1990年代至2000年代偏多,而河套东南区基本相反;河套北部区与河套西南区10 ~ 14 a的周期变化比较显著;夏半年极端高温频数与同期平均气温呈正相关.
Spatiotemporal features of extreme high temperature in summer half year in Hetao and its vicinity
Based on the daily maximum temperature data of 81 stations in summer half year in Hetao and its vicinity during 1961 to 2010,this paper calculated the threshold value of extreme high temperature for different stations,and analyzed their spatiotemporal distribution and change trend.The results show that,the threshold value is high in southeast and northwest and low in southwest of Hetao.The consistent and contrary anomaly distribution was the main spatial model of the extreme high temperature frequency.The spatial model in Hetao and its vicinity can be divided into three areas:north of Hetao area,southeast and southwest of the Hetao area.The extreme high temperature frequency displays remarkable increasing tendency in north and southwest of the Hetao area,and displays obvious decreasing tendency in southeast of the Hetao area.The inter-annual changes of the extreme high temperature frequency in north and southwest of Hetao areas are close.The extreme high temperature frequency is on the lower side during 1961-1990,and on the higher side during 1991-2010,and it is contrary in southeast of the Hetao area.The frequency has an obvious fluctuating period of 10-14 years in north and southwest of the Hetao area.The extreme high temperature frequency in summer half year is positively correlated with the average temperature in same period.

extreme high temperaturespctiotemporal variationvariation trendHetao

张智、陈玉华、周红

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宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,宁夏银川750002

极端高温 时空变化 变化趋势 河套

中国气象气候变化专项资助

CCSF2011-26

2014

自然灾害学报
中国地震局工程力学所 中国灾害防御协会

自然灾害学报

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.862
ISSN:1004-4574
年,卷(期):2014.23(2)
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