In order to study the seismic vulnerability of high-speed railway bridges in the nearshore area during their lifetime,based on a long-span prestressed rigid frame bridge of a high-speed railway,considering the pile-soil interaction,the vulnerability of components of the bridge under different seismic directions is calculated by quantifying the damage index and using the increment dynamic analysis(IDA).The second-order boundary method is adopted to establish the full-life seismic vulnerability surface of the bridge system,and the time-varying seismic vulnerability after the durability damage during the service life of the nearshore high-speed railway bridge is studied.The research results show that under the design seismic action of the long-span bridge of high-speed railway,the probability of slight damage to the bridge system in the longitudinal and transverse bridge directions is 46.4%and 15.1%,respectively;the probability of severe damage is small,and reaches 18.7%and 9.7%respectively under the rare earthquake action.The seismic vulnerability of the bridge in the longitudinal direction is greater than that in the transverse direction.When the pile-soil interaction is considered,the system vulnerability increases,but the increase is small.Under the rare seismic action in the longitudinal direction of the bridge,the exceedance probability of severe damage increases by 1.1%.During the whole life cycle of the bridge,when the service life is 100 a,the exceedance probability of slight damage under the design seismic action of the bridge is 17.1%higher than that of the new bridge.The seismic vulnerability of the high-speed railway bridge gradually increases with the increase of the service time.The durability damage in the later stage of the service life is more serious,and the seismic vulnerability increases obviously.However,the complete failure of the high-speed railway bridge does not occur basically throughout the whole life cycle.