首页|干旱内陆河流域生态网络韧性演化及其提升策略——以石羊河流域为例

干旱内陆河流域生态网络韧性演化及其提升策略——以石羊河流域为例

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水资源短缺、荒漠化加剧等生态环境问题极大影响着干旱内陆河流域生态安全和可持续发展,科学分析与评价外部扰动下的生态网络韧性水平,对于针对性提出该区域生态网络优化方案、增强流域生态稳定性具有重大意义.基于复杂适应系统理论,构建包括要素、结构和功能三个维度的生态网络韧性综合评价指标体系,以石羊河流域为例,对干旱内陆河流域生态网络韧性水平进行测度,并分析其时空演化特征和空间分异格局.结果表明:(1)石羊河流域生态网络空间结构具有非均衡性,生态"源地—廊道—节点"呈不均匀地集聚分布,但南密北疏的格局基本稳定.(2)2000-2020年石羊河流域生态网络韧性水平整体提高,年均增长1.55%,荒漠和山地地区生态网络韧性提升快于绿洲地区,结构韧性提升快于功能韧性和要素韧性.(3)2000-2020年间,山地、绿洲、荒漠不同类型区域内部生态网络韧性水平差异逐渐减小,"低—低"集聚(LL)和"高—高"集聚(HH)占比高.LL集聚主要分布在北部荒漠区域,HH集聚主要分布在南部山区,两者在空间上均有扩散的趋势.最后对山地、绿洲和荒漠三类地区,从要素、结构、功能三方面提出生态修复背景下流域韧性提升策略.
Evolution of resilience in the ecological network across arid inland river basins and its improvement strategies:A case study of Shiyang River Basin
The ecological and environmental problems such as water scarcity and intensified de-sertification greatly affect the ecological security and sustainable development of arid inland river basins.Scientific analysis and evaluation of the resilience level of ecological networks un-der external disturbances are of great significance for proposing targeted optimization plans for this type of river basin ecological network and enhancing its ecological stability.Based on the theory of complex adaptive systems,this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of ecological network resilience covering three dimensions:elements,structure and function.Taking the Shiyang River Basin as an example,the paper measures the resilience level of the ecological network in arid inland river basins and analyzes its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and spatial differentiation patterns.The results show that:(1)The spatial struc-ture of the ecological network in the study area is unbalanced,with uneven aggregation of eco-logical"source-corridor-node",but the pattern of dense areas in the south and sparse areas in the north is essentially stable.(2)In 2000-2020,the resilience level of the ecological network increased overall,with an annual rate of 1.55%.The resilience of the ecological network in des-ert and mountainous areas increased faster than that in oasis areas,and the structural resilience improved faster than that of functional resilience and factor resilience.(3)During 2000-2020,the differences in the resilience level of ecological networks in types of mountains,oases and deserts gradually decreased.The proportions of"low-low"agglomeration(LL)and"high-high"agglomeration(HH)were high.LL agglomeration was mainly distributed in the northern desert area,while HH agglomeration was mainly distributed in the southern mountainous area,and both of them had a spatial diffusion trend.Finally,in view of the characteristics of mountains,oases and deserts,this paper proposes strategies to improve the resilience of the basin in the context of ecological restoration from three aspects:elements,structure and function.

ecological network resiliencecomplex adaptive systems theorymountain-oasis-desertShiyang River Basin

刘春芳、倪博文、连虎刚、贺扬希

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西北师范大学管理学院,兰州 730070

甘肃省土地利用与综合整治工程研究中心,兰州 730070

生态网络韧性 复杂适应系统理论 山地—绿洲—荒漠 石羊河流域

2024

自然资源学报
中国自然资源学会 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

自然资源学报

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:2.073
ISSN:1000-3037
年,卷(期):2024.39(9)