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国家公园社区特许经营:实践逻辑、模式比较及政策建议

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特许经营对中国国家公园体制建设具有重大意义,系统研究社区特许经营具有重要价值。基于国内外典型实践案例,运用多案例比较等方法,对国家公园社区特许经营实践进行逻辑分析与模式比较。结果表明:(1)国内外社区特许经营实践逻辑呈现出较高的一致性,其目标逻辑为通过对社区经营赋权以兼顾国家公园保护与社区自主发展,主体逻辑为将与国家公园高度利益相关的社区作为受许人,授予逻辑为非竞争性的定向特许,经营逻辑为多方介入给予帮扶、一级特许与两级特许并存。(2)社区特许经营与非社区特许经营在指导理念、特许目标、特许方式、特许结构和帮扶支持等方面存在明显不同,是一种新的国家公园特许经营模式。基于此,从健全社区特许经营的顶层设计、理顺社区特许经营的管理体制、完善社区特许经营的帮扶机制等方面提出了政策建议。
National park community concession:Practical logic,model comparison and policy suggestions
Concession is of great significance for the construction of China's national park sys-tem,and systematic research on community concession is of great value.Based on typical prac-tice cases at home and abroad,the study employs methods such as multi-case comparison to conduct a logical analysis of community concession practices and model comparison.The re-sults indicate that:(1)The practical logic of community concession shows strong consistency.The goal logic is to balance the protection of national parks with community autonomous devel-opment by empowering community management.The subject logic is to appoint communities with high stakes in the national parks as concessionaires.The granting logic is non-competitive targeted concession,and the business logic involves the participation and assistance of multi-ple parties,with both one-level and two-level concession structure coexisting.(2)Community concession differs significantly from non-community concession in terms of guiding philoso-phy,concession objectives,granting methods,concession structures and support mechanisms,representing a new model of national park concession.Finally,policy recommendations are put forward from the aspects of establishing the top-level design of community concession,strengthening the management system of community concession,and improving the assistance mechanism of community concession.

national parkcommunity concessionnon-community concessionpractical logicCBNRM

孔凯、李鹏

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湖州学院经济管理学院,湖州 313000

云南大学工商管理与旅游管理学院,昆明 650091

国家林业和草原局、国家公园管理局国家公园规划研究中心,昆明 650091

国家公园 社区特许经营 非社区特许经营 实践逻辑 基于社区的自然资源管理

国家自然科学基金项目国家重点研发计划项目

422610572022YFF1302405

2024

自然资源学报
中国自然资源学会 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

自然资源学报

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:2.073
ISSN:1000-3037
年,卷(期):2024.39(10)