A performance comparison of different governance types of protected areas in China:From the perspective of local communities
What governance model can be adopted to better enhance the ecological,social and economic effectiveness of nature reserve governance?Few studies have conducted quantitative comparative analyses based on the community perception perspective.Based on the Institution-al Analysis and Development(IAD)framework,17 communities within and around the Giant Panda National Park were selected.Differences in community perception of State-led,co-man-aged,and community-based and other elements affecting community residents'perceptions of effectiveness will be compared,by means of questionnaires,semi-structured interviews,one-way ANOVA,and stepwise regression analysis.Our study found that:(1)Community residents have the most positive perceptions of the ecological effectiveness of the Giant Panda National Park and the most negative perceptions of the economic effectiveness.(2)The community-based model has the best performance in the three dimensions,while State-led conservation has the second best performance in the ecological and social dimensions,and co-managed model has the second best performance in the economic dimensions.(3)The community residents'per-ceptions of the effectiveness of the Giant Panda National Park are affected by the combination of the natural geographic conditions,economic and social attributes,and other factors.We point out that all types of governance models have their advantages and disadvantages,and communi-ty-based governance is not a"panacea"for all public pond resource problems.Therefore,it is advocated to carry out local adaptation of the selection of nature reserve governance models.The study expands the application scenarios of the IAD framework,deepens the theoretical un-derstanding of nature reserve governance models,and provides empirical insights for communi-ty coordination of nature reserves in China.
national parkscommunity-based conservationmanagement systemperceptionssustainable development
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