摘要
从政策主要受体农户的角度出发,基于洋县朱鹮栖息地的816份农户问卷调研数据,利用选择实验法测度农户对有机农业发展政策的需求,进而分析政策优化的方向.结果发现:(1)资金补贴、技术培训、品牌认定和电商帮扶这四项政策能够显著提升农户参与有机农业发展方案的意愿,而化肥农药限制会起到负向抑制的作用;(2)不同社会经济特征农户对有机农业发展政策的偏好存在异质性;(3)农户对不同有机农业发展政策组合的偏好程度存在差异,对电商帮扶的偏好程度最高,其次是品牌认定,之后是技术培训,再次是资金补贴,而对化肥农药限制的偏好是负向的.研究结论对未来有机农业发展政策的制定具有指导意义,政策的制定不应只局限于常规的资金补贴和技术培训,应该打破固有思路,从电商帮扶、品牌认定等方面入手,帮助农户搭建从产到销的桥梁,提升政策的有效性.同时应充分考虑农户区位和禀赋的异质性,紧扣农户需求,保障政策的公平性和有效性.
Abstract
This study measures farmers'needs for organic farming development policies from the perspective of the main policy recipients,farmers,and then analyzes the direction of policy optimization based on 816 farmer questionnaire research data from the ibis habitat in Yangxian county,using the choice experiment method.The results found that:(1)Four policies,namely,financial subsidies,technical training,brand recognition and e-commerce support,can signifi-cantly increase farmers'willingness to participate in organic agriculture development programs,but restrictions on the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides have a negative inhibitory ef-fect.(2)There is heterogeneity in the preferences of farmers with different socioeconomic char-acteristics for organic farming development policies.(3)There are differences in farmers'pref-erences for different organic farming development policy combinations,with the highest prefer-ence for e-commerce support,followed by brand recognition,technical training,financial subsi-dies,and a negative preference for fertilizer and pesticide restrictions.This means that in the fu-ture,development of organic farming policy should not be limited to conventional financial sub-sidies and technical training,should be in line with the development of the times,break the in-herent thinking,from the electric business support,brand recognition,etc.,to help farmers build a bridge from production to marketing,to enhance the effectiveness of the policy.At the same time,it should fully consider the heterogeneity of farmers'location and endowment,close-ly follow the needs of farmers,and guarantee the fairness and effectiveness of the policy.
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