Ecological restoration reference of terrestrial space:Theoretical recognition,identification framework and key issues
Implementing large-scale ecological restoration of territorial space is a key strategy for China to halt ecosystem degradation and promote ecological civilization.As a reference benchmark and target guide for ecological restoration,the reference of ecological restoration is a necessary basis for the smooth implementation of ecological restoration projects.However,there is little research focusing on the ecological restoration reference of terrestrial space.Aim-ing to know what is ecological restoration reference,what are its characteristics,and how to identify it,in this study we discussed the definition,the identification approach framework,and the directions of future research of ecological restoration reference of territorial space.This study suggested that the reference of ecological restoration of territorial space had three basic characteristics:comprehensiveness of indicators,two-dimensionality of space and time,and dy-namic adaptability.The identification framework of ecological restoration reference of territori-al space includes three major steps:comprehensive ecosystem assessment,reference ecosystem selection,and reference identification under integrated spatial and temporal dimensions.With the focus on the key issues of Nature-based Solutions,integrated protection and restoration of mountains,water,forests,lakes,grasses and sands,and social-ecological system sustainability,we highlighted that ecological restoration reference identification should place great emphasis on systemic thinking,take sustainability as the core orientation for the selection of reference in-dicators,and pay attention to the social-ecological system integrated perspective,so as to identi-fy ecological restoration reference based on the social-ecological process and oriented to the comprehensive enhancement of social-ecological system sustainability.This study clearly de-fined the conceptual connotation and identification framework of ecological restoration refer-ence in terrestrial space,and provided theoretical and methodological support for the orderly promotion of ecological restoration projects.
ecological restoration referenceNature-based Solutionsintegrated conservation and restorationsocial-ecological systemintegration of spatial and temporal dimensions
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