首页|规制数据不正当竞争行为的司法实践检视及改进方向

规制数据不正当竞争行为的司法实践检视及改进方向

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数据作为新型生产要素,在数字经济高质量发展中发挥越来越重要的基础作用,成为数字经济市场竞争中经营者竞相争夺的要素.为获取和保持竞争优势,经营者围绕数据展开激烈争夺,引发一些不正当竞争行为.在司法实践中,对这类数据不正当竞争行为的规制主要是采取《反不正当竞争法》"一般条款""互联网专条""商业秘密条款".虽然这三个条款均起到一定作用,但仍存在适用条件不明确问题,造成可预见性不足.为此,建议审慎适用"一般条款",细化和优化"互联网专条",优先适用具体条款.结合《反不正当竞争法》第三次修订,具体规定数据商业利用中的不正当竞争行为,做好例外条款的平衡设计.运用个案分析原则回应数字经济激烈动态竞争的现实,鼓励多元主体共同参与,深化跨部门协同,综合运用多制度多工具,完善"共建共治共享共赢"的数据商业利用模式及不正当竞争行为规制方案.
As a new factor of production,data plays an increasingly important and fundamental role in the high-quality development of the digital economy and has become a competitive asset in the digital economy market.In order to obtain and maintain competitive advantages,intense competition among operators often leads to instances of unfair competition.In judicial practice,the regulation of such data-driven unfair competition mainly relied on the"general provisions""internet-specific provisions"and"trade secret provisions"of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law.While these three clauses play a certain role,the lack of clarity in applicable conditions pose challenges,resulting in inadequate predictability.Therefore,it is recommended to cautiously apply the"general provisions",refine and optimize the"internet-specific provisions",and prioritize specific clauses.With the third revision to the Anti-Unfair Competition Law,it is imperative to delineate unfair competition behaviors in the commercial use of data,and balanced design of the exception clauses.Using the principle of case-by-case analysis to address the reality of fierce and dynamic competition in the digital economy,it encourages multiple-stakeholder participation,deepens inter-sectoral coordination,and comprehensively applies multiple systems and tools to improve the model of"co-construction,co-governance,sharing and win-win"in data commercial utilization and the regulatory framework for unfair competition.

commercial use of dataunfair competitioncase-by-case analysisjudicial practiceco-construction,co-governance,sharing and win-win

陈兵

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南开大学法学院

南开大学竞争法研究中心

南开大学数字经济交叉科学中心

数据商业利用 不正当竞争 个案分析 司法实践 共建共治共享共赢

2023年度最高人民法院司法研究重大课题教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目

ZGFYZDKT202317-0319JJD820009

2024

知识产权
中国知识产权研究会

知识产权

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.115
ISSN:1003-0476
年,卷(期):2024.(3)
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