The key to developing new quality productive forces lies in original and disruptive technological innovation.Algorithms,as a new structural force in the era of artificial intelligence(Al),not only activates new quality productive forces but also continuously challenges the existing algorithm patent protection rules.These challenges are evident in the evolution of algorithm types leading to inconsistencies in the rule system,the inadequacy of current technical requirements to keep pace with Al algorithms development trends,and lack of regulatory mechanisms suited to diversified algorithm formats.To construct patentability rules for algorithms that empower new quality productive forces within the framework of the Patent Examination Guidelines,it is essential to consider"industrial policy"as the key factor,"technological contribution"as the core connotation of algorithm patent protection objects,and"holistic consideration"as the regulatory lever of algorithm patent protection rules.The paper also proposes adjustments to the algorithm patent protection rules.