Chinese civilization is often referred to as a"civilization of ritual and music",which is closely related to the successive formation of ritual and music after the founding of a new dynasty.However,the Han dynasty had no distinct"Han rituals",and it was only after the Western Jin that a unified set of dynastic rituals and music was established.This was due to a shift in classical scholarship between the Han and Jin periods.Zheng Xuan郑玄,a master of Confucianism in Han dynasty,centered his teachings on ritual and extensively annotated various classical texts,establishing the Rites of Zhou周礼 as the model for the later dynasties in formulating their ritual systems.The reinterpretation of"formulating the ritual system when the world is in great peaceful order"太平制礼 in the era of the Three Kingdoms and Western Jin transformed the meaning of"great peaceful order"太平,made it change from the cosmic order to a state of eliminating war.In the early Jin,the"five rituals"from the Rites of Zhou were adopted as the standard for establishing Jin's ritual system,ushering in the tradition in which each new dynasty instituted its own rituals.Although the ritual system of a dynasty may not be completely implemented,they reflected the fundamental values recognized by the state.Over time,the practice of ritual-making accumulated,shaping the ritual and music characteristics that define Chinese civilization.
关键词
文明/礼乐/周礼/太平
Key words
civilization/ritual and music/Rites of Zhou/the great peaceful order
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