Co-inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria enhance phytoremediation efficiency of hybrid Pennisetum in Cu contaminated soils
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)can promote the efficiency of phytoremedia-tion,but most studies have concerned on single PGPR strain and knowledge of the effects of co-inocu-lating multiple strains is still lacking. This study explored whether,and if so how,consortia of PGPR with complementary traits can increase phytoremediation efficiency. Hybrid Pennisetum(Pennisetum americanum × P. purpureum)seeds were inoculated with 1-3 Cu tolerant PGPR strains with N2-fixing or 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase-producing ability,and the treatments'effects on seed germination,seedling growth and Cu uptake were assessed in a range of conditions. Our results showed that the PGPR strains promoted both seed germination and seedling growth,and the effects were stronger under the high-Cu conditions. Hybrid Pennisetum is quite tolerant to Cu and its root-to-shoot translocation factor of Cu is lower than 0. 1. PGPR inoculation further decreased the transloca-tion factor. Co-inoculation of multiple strains enhanced both the stimulation effects on plant growth and the inhibition effects on translocation factor. Our results suggest that co-inoculation of 2-3 PGPR strains with complementary plant growth promoting traits can enhance the phytoremediation efficiency of hybrid Pennisetum,and hybrid Pennisetum is an excellent candidate plant for phytostabilization of Cu mine tailings.
heavy metalsmine tailingsmicrobe-assisted phytoremediationco-inoculationhybrid Pennisetum(Pennisetum americanum × P. purpureum)
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