Comprehensive Evaluation of Major Phenotypic Traits in Peanut Based on Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis
In order to construct a comprehensive evaluation equation for multiple traits of peanut germplasm resources and provide a basis for screening excellent peanut germplasm,23 new peanut varieties were selected as the research object,and 17 phenotypic traits were comprehensively evaluated through correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis.The results showed that the average coefficient of variation of 17 phenotypic traits was 28.9%.The four persona-lity traits of growth period,kernel yield,crude fat content,and crude protein content are relatively stable,while the nine per-sonality traits of main stem height,first lateral branch length,number of full pods per plant,productivity per plant,kernel yield,pod yield,oleic acid content,linoleic acid content,and the ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid(O/L)have rich varia-tions.Correlation analysis shows that there is a highly significant positive correlation between pod yield and kernel yield,a significant positive correlation with 100-pod weight,100-kernel weight,individual plant productivity,kernel-pod ratio;The crude fat content is highly significantly negatively correlated with crude protein content.Principal component analysis synthesized 17 personality traits into 2 principal component factors,mainly reflecting yield,oleic acid and linoleic acid con-tent,with a cumulative contribution rate of 82.301%.After normalizing the scores of the two principal components through fuzzy membership functions,a comprehensive evaluation index was constructed based on the contribution rate weights of the two principal components,with a comprehensive score range of-2.840 to 3.675 for each peanut germplasm.At a Standard European distance of 20,23 peanut varieties can be divided into 3 groups,with significant differences between each group Eight resource materials with a comprehensive score(F-value)≥1.2 were selected.The comprehensive ranking shows that Luohua 15 has the highest comprehensive score.The correlation analysis between comprehensive scores and agronomic traits shows that the five agronomic traits of growth period,number of branches,number of fruiting branches,number of full pods per plant,and productivity per plant can be used as comprehensive evaluation indicators for peanut varieties(lines)and as the main indicators for comprehensive evaluation of peanut germplasm phenotypes.
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