稻麦复种模式下氮肥与稻秸互作对小麦产量和N2O排放影响及推荐施肥研究
Research on the effects of nitrogen fertilizer and rice straw return on wheat yield and N2O emission and recommended fertilization under rice-wheat rota-tion pattern
陆汝华 1王文轩 2曹强 1田永超 1朱艳 1曹卫星 1刘小军1
作者信息
- 1. 南京农业大学国家信息农业工程技术中心 / 智慧农业教育部工程研究中心 / 农业农村部农作物系统分析与决策重点实验室 / 江苏省信息农业重点实验室, 江苏南京 210095
- 2. 人文与社会发展学院, 江苏南京 210095
- 折叠
摘要
优化氮肥施用和秸秆还田技术为途径的农业管理措施被认为是提升农业可持续性的有效手段,然而当前关于氮肥和秸秆还田对小麦产量和N2O排放影响的研究仍十分有限.为此,本研究基于 2000-2022 年发表的关于长江中下游流域氮肥和秸秆投入下小麦产量和 N2O 排放变化的文献,运用随机森林建模,定量分析氮肥和秸秆还田对小麦产量和N2O排放的影响,并结合情景设置进行了特定地点的小麦产量和N2O排放模拟,同时评估了碳排放强度(CEE)和净生态系统经济效益(NEEB).结果表明,建立的区域尺度小麦产量与N2O排放对氮秸互作响应的随机森林模型,验证结果R2 分别为 0.66 和 0.65,RMSE分别为 0.70 和 1.11.结果表明施氮量和土壤有机质是影响小麦产量和N2O排放的重要因素.综合来看,达到最大产量所需的氮肥量为 208～212 kg hm-2,达到最小CEE所需的氮肥量为 113～130 kg hm-2,达到最高的NEEB所需的氮肥量为202～205 kg hm-2,其中在6.75 t hm-2 的秸秆投入下施用202 kg hm-2 的氮肥可以获得最高的生态收益 1.37 万元.优化氮肥和秸秆投入具备减少作物碳排放强度并获得最大净生态环境效益的潜力.
Abstract
The optimization of agricultural practices such as nitrogen and straw input may be an effective option for maintaining environmental sustainability.However,previous studies on the effects of nitrogen and straw inputs on wheat growth and N2O emission reduction were limited.Therefore,the present study was based on the literature published from 2000 to 2022 about wheat yield and N2O emissions under different nitrogen and straw inputs amendment in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,a random forest(RF)model of wheat yield and N2O emission was constructed.And the influence of nitrogen and straw inputs on wheat yield and N2O emissions was quantified.Based on the developed model,wheat yield and N2O emission simulations at the experimental site were carried out in combination with scenario settings,and the carbon emission intensity(CEE)and net ecosystem economic benefits(NEEB)were evaluated.The results were as follow:On the regional scale,an RF model was established for the response of wheat yield and N2O emission to the application of nitrogen fertilizer and straw return-ing.The verification results were R2 of 0.66 and 0.65,and RMSE of 0.70 and 1.11,respectively.Quantifying the importance of independent variables showed that nitrogen application rate and soil organic matter were essential for yield and N2O models.For nitrogen fertilizer and straw management under different targets,the amount of nitrogen fertilizer required to achieve the highest yield was 208-212 kg hm-2,the amount of nitrogen fertilizer required to achieve the minimum CEE was 113-130 kg hm-2,and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer required to achieve the highest NEEB was 202-205 kg hm-2,of which the highest ecological benefit of 13,669.18 CHY could be obtained by applying 202 kg hm-2 nitrogen fertilizer under the straw input of 6.75 t hm-2.Our results indicate that optimizing nitrogen fertilizer and straw inputs has the potential to reduce crop carbon emission intensity and maximize net ecological and environmental benefits.
关键词
施氮量/秸秆投入/小麦/N2O/排放模型/推荐施肥Key words
nitrogen application rate/straw inputs/wheat/N2O/emission model/fertilizer recommendation引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2301402)
南京农业大学三亚研究院项目(NAUSY-ZD01)
国家自然科学基金(32071903)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据