Currently,there are several issues in cotton breeding in China,including the high uniformity of existing varieties,de-clining genetic diversity of germplasm resources,and underutilization of valuable gene resources.In light of these challenges,a comprehensive assessment and analysis of genetic diversity were conducted on 415 cotton germplasm resources collected from three major cotton regions in China(Yellow River Basin,Yangtze River Basin,and Northwest Inland)as well as international sources.The evaluation encompassed three yield traits and seven fiber quality traits in three different locations:Sanya city,Hainan province;Hejian city,Hebei province;and Xinji city,Hebei province.The findings revealed that Hainan exhibited the highest fiber weight per boll and lint percentage but had relatively poor fiber quality.Hejian displayed the highest boll weight and superior fiber quality,while Xinji had the lowest yield performance.Additionally,it was observed that 10 phenotypic traits demonstrated significant variation and abundant genetic diversity across all three environments.Notably,there were significant differences among cotton germplasm resources from different origins,except for fiber length,uniformity,and short fiber percentage.Germ-plasm resources from the Yellow River Basin showed the best yield traits,highest fiber length,and fiber strength,with the largest proportion of materials surpassing the'double 30'threshold.However,these resources had relatively high Micronaire values.Germplasm resources from the Yangtze River Basin exhibited higher fiber weight per boll and lint percentage.Foreign germplasm resources displayed higher boll weight but the lowest lint percentage.Correlation and cluster analyses demonstrated predominantly positive associations among yield traits,leading to the classification of germplasm resources into five categories.Furthermore,a fac-tor analysis was conducted to comprehensively rank the tested materials,resulting in the identification of several elite resources.These included seven germplasm resources with large boll weight(>7 g),26 with high lint percentage(>42%),11 with high fiber length and strength surpassing the'30'threshold,and nine resources exhibiting excellent comprehensive traits.These findings provide valuable parental materials for cotton breeding and serve as a crucial foundation for further research endeavors.
维普
万方数据