Advances in acaricide resistance of the European red mite,Panonychus ulmi(Koch)
The European red mite,Panonychus ulmi(Koch)(Acari:Tetranychidae),is one of the most important pests of Rosaceae fruit trees.It has small body size,with rapid reproduction and short generation time.The nymphs and adults of mites feed on the leaves and tender buds of apple,affecting the growth and development of fruit trees,resulting in the decrease of fruit quality and yield.The damages by P.ulmi more and more seriously since the 1960s.Spraying chemical acaricide is the main method for control of P.ulmi.Due to the long-term irregular use of chemical acaricides,the mite has developed resistance to various types of chemical insecticides.In this reviews,the occurrence,damage,resistance status and resistance mechanism of P.ulmi were summarized.The acaricide-resistance management and integrated control of P.ulmi was proposed.
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