豇豆Vigna unguiculata喜温喜光,是一种适合在我国南方种植的豆科蔬菜.长期以来,豇豆病虫害多发重发,其中,蓟马是豇豆上最主要和最顽固的害虫之一.传统的化学防治方法对蓟马的防治效果常常不理想,并易造成农药残留问题.本文概述了我国豇豆产业的种植情况和以蓟马为主的病虫害问题及豇豆蓟马研究现状,并从农艺措施、理化诱控、生物防治、化学防治和抗性治理角度总结了豇豆蓟马的综合防治技术.最后,从构建豇豆蓟马的有害生物综合治理(integrated pest management,IPM)技术体系、加强基础研究和防控技术产品开发、建立科学用药和农药监管制度3个方面提出建议,以期为我国豇豆产业的绿色可持续发展提供参考.
Research progress on thrips in Chinese cowpea and integrated control measures
Cowpea,Vigna unguiculata L.,a leguminous vegetable,is more suitable for cultivation in the south of China.Diseases and insect pests frequently and severely occurred on cowpea,with thrips being a major persistent pest.Traditional chemical methods are often ineffective in controlling thrips and may lead to pesticide residue problems.This review summarized the cowpea industry in China,the challenges posed by diseases and pests on cowpea,focusing on thrips and its current research status.Integrated control measures for thrips on cowpea were also outline,including agronomic methods,physical and chemical inducements,biological control,chemical control and resistance management.Finally,we put forward suggestions in three areas:constructing an IPM system for cowpea thrips,strengthening basic research and developing control products against thrips,and implementing a scientific use and supervision system for pesticides.It aims to serve as a reference for promoting the green and sustainable development of the cowpea industry in China.
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