Advances in functional studies of transmembrane receptors Sho1 and Msb2 in fungi
Sho1 and Msb2 are respectively four-transmembrane membrane proteins and single-chain transmem-brane protein.Resent research shows that they generally exist in fungi,and have conservative structures,inclu-ding extracellular domain,transmembrane structure and cytoplasmic domain.Sho1 is located in the plasma membrane,and Msb2 is located in the plasma membraneand transported into the vacuole through endocytosis.Different domains of Sho1 and Msb2 bind to various signaling proteins,then participate in different pathways in the MAPK signaling pathway,so as to regulation of fungal growth and stress response.At present,the functions of Sho1 and Msb2 have been reported in Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Candida albicans,Aspergillus fumigatus,Verticillium dahliae,Fusarium oxysporum,F.graminearum,Ustilago maydis,Magnaporthe oryzae,Botrytis cinerea,Cryptococcus neoformans,and Histoplasma capsulatum,that mainly involved in filamentous growth,osmotic stress,oxidative stress,cell wall integrity,temperature response,and virulence regulation of fungi.However,their specific functions have fungal evolution specificity.This paper reviewed the structural characte-ristics of Sho1 and Msb2,summarized and analyzed the functions and action ways of Sho1 and Msb2 in different fungi,in order to provide reference for related research.
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