Overwintering survival of Villosiclava virens chlamydospores in rice field soils
Villosiclava virens can infect rice plants and cause rice false smut.At present,it is still controversial whether V.virens overwinters in the form of sclerotia or chlamydospores.In both 2021 and 2022,rice false smut was obviously observed in the rice fields in Xiaoshan District,Hangzhou City,Zhejiang Province.To clarify the overwintering form of V.virens in these fields,the survival of sclerotia and chlamydospores was continuously monitored from October 2021 to November 2022.The results showed that among all soil samples collected for 5 times(9 randomly selected sites in both rice-planting fields and ridges for each time),chlamydospores could be observed by microscope in at least 1 site for each sampling time except for ridge sites for 2 sampling times(Jan-uary and May of 2022);V.virens could be detected by nested PCR in at least 1 sampling site from both rice-planting fields and field ridges;the survival periods of chlamydospores preserved at 23 ℃ and 4 ℃ were about 7 and 13 months,respectively;chlamydospores in soil samples still had the ability to germinate after storage for 6 months at 4 ℃.From October 2021 to October 2022,no sclerotium was found in our sampling fields and collect-ed soil samples.Only a few sclerotia were found on rice false smut balls on November 9th,2022.However,the sclerotium-bearing rate of rice false smut balls was only 3.14％.Taken together,it was concluded that V.virens overwintered by the form of chlamydospores in soils of the sampling rice fields in 2021,which became the main primary infection source in 2022 and caused rice false smut.
Villosiclava virensoverwinterchlamydosporesclerotiumrice field
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