The operation of China's criminal procedure emphasizes the independence of different pha-ses,the segmentation of procedures,and the dominance of governmental agencies,characterized by a distinct phase-based structure.This phase-based structure reflects a model of power distribution in the judicial domain that underscores the value orientation towards practical efficiency and effectiveness.However,the phase-based structure of criminal procedure has inherent deficiencies in terms of the dis-covery of truth,protection of human rights,and the coordinated development of procedures.Essentially,litigation is an integrative activity with a unified goal and a unified subject,where the phases of litigation merely describe and summarize the case-handling status of various specialized agencies,rather than ser-ving as the goal of procedural construction.Therefore,it is necessary to reform the current overly seg-mented litigation procedure based on the principles of holistic procedure.In terms of procedural opera-tion,the focus should be on a trial-centered holistic structure.At the level of judicial reform,a holistic coordination mechanism led by the Political and Legal Affairs Commission should be implemented.Re-garding the improvement of litigation rules,the focus should be on human rights protection to refine the application of the law.
Criminal Procedure PhaseHolistic Principle of Criminal ProcedureTrial CentrismInvestigative CentrismLegal Aid