首页|走出"合同僵局":以承租人的转租权为重点

走出"合同僵局":以承租人的转租权为重点

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在定期租赁合同情形,如何回应无使用计划的承租人的退出需求?在理论层面,无论是法律上允许承租人向第三人转租(松动"锁人"),还是法律上允许承租人付出特定代价解除合同(松动"锁时间"),都能达到走出合同僵局的目标.但在现实层面,松动"锁时间"的解除方案有对出租人损害赔偿不充分、诱发新的租赁僵局、恶化承租人处境的重大缺陷.因此,松动"锁人"的转租方案才是妥当选择.我国法应充分考虑租赁合同特性,以合理转租规则为默认规则,将转租作为无使用计划的承租人的常规退出通道.而一旦选择转租作为租赁僵局的解决方案,则租赁僵局不再构成"合同僵局—违约方解除权"议题的重要例证.
In the case of fixed-term lease contracts,how should we respond to a lessees'needs to exit a lease when they no longer have any need of it?Theoretically,whether the law allows the lessee to sub-let to a third party(loosening the"person-lock"),or the law allows the lessee to pay a specific price to terminate the contract(loosening the"term-lock"),can achieve the goal of releasing the leased property and improving the situation of both parties to the lease.However,at the practical level,loosening the"term-lock"causes an inadequate remedy for damages in side of lessors;induces a new lease deadlock and worsens the lessee's situation.Instead,a proposed subletting option that loosens the"person-lock"is the better option.Chinese law should fully consider a reasonable sublet rule for lessees who no longer need to rent a property.If we adopt a default rule to allow a lessee to sublet the property to another subletter,then the issue of terminating the fixed-term contract early by the breaching party will no longer be the important problem that it has previously been.

Contract DeadlockRight to Termination of the Breaching PartyFixed-Term Lease ContractsSublease

吴奕锋

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北京大学国际法学院

合同僵局 违约方解除权 定期租赁 转租

2024

中外法学
北京大学

中外法学

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:3.903
ISSN:1002-4875
年,卷(期):2024.36(6)