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论数据治理的使用权范式

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在数据治理现代化快速演进之际,"使用权范式"在诸多数据治理范式中脱颖而出,标志着数据治理理念的深刻转变.数据治理的使用权范式是近现代以来"从所有到使用"的发展趋势在数字时代的表现,其以"数据使用权"为基石范畴,以数据本质特征和数字经济基本规律为理解系统,以数据使用权的合理分配与流通利用为方法论指引,并以促进数据共享与利用为价值导向,旨在实现"数据资源"的最大化利用.使用权范式对数据基础制度的规范建构具有方法论意义,提供了跨领域和跨阶段的统一治理框架,这不仅有助于避免数据所有权模式极化可能引发的"反公地悲剧"风险,还能防止"场景理论"与"阶段理论"导致的治理碎片化,同时有助于促进数据基础制度的内部协调.故应当以使用权为中心构建数据基础制度,包括确定数据使用权的法律地位、完善数据流通机制、建立平衡收益分配制度、加强数据安全治理,以推动构建高效、公正、安全的数据治理体系.
Amid the rapid evolution of modern data governance,the"use rights paradigm"has e-merged as a standout among various data governance frameworks,marking a profound shift in govern-ance philosophy.Rooted in the historical trend of shifting focus"from ownership to use,"this paradigm emphasizes"data use rights"as its foundational concept.It draws on the intrinsic characteristics of data and the fundamental principles of the digital economy to construct an understanding system,guided by the methodological principles of rational allocation,circulation,and utilization of data usage rights,with the ultimate goal of maximizing the utilization of"data resources"by promoting data sharing and use.This paradigm offers methodological significance for the normative construction of foundational data gov-ernance systems,providing a unified governance framework that spans different domains and stages.It helps to avoid the risks of a"tragedy of the anti-commons"potentially triggered by polarized ownership models,while also mitigating governance fragmentation caused by"scenario-based"or"stage-based"the-ories.Furthermore,it enhances internal coherence within foundational data governance frameworks.Therefore,data governance should center on use rights,including establishing the legal status of data use rights,improving mechanisms for data circulation,instituting balanced benefit-sharing systems,and strengthening data security governance,ultimately fostering an efficient,equitable,and secure data gov-ernance system.

Data GovernanceData Use RightsUse Rights ParadigmData Infrastructure Sys-temData Resources

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北京交通大学法学院

数据治理 数据使用权 使用权范式 数据基础制度 数据资源

2024

中外法学
北京大学

中外法学

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:3.903
ISSN:1002-4875
年,卷(期):2024.36(6)