Objective: To explore the clinical study of autologous reconstruction of defects in head and neck cancer free tissue flap surgery. Methods: head and neck oncology surgery in our hospital 90 patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 53 cases in the observation group, autologous free tissue flap reconstruction of the head and neck tissue defects in the control group, 37 cases of free tissue flap is not applied repair. The results of the analysis. Results: The success rate was 96.2% in the repair. There are two cases of patients with partial necrosis due to the unknown reasons, then again after a forearm flap, was better than not using good body free flap from the patient, and the function is more successful than the control group, only 70.3% of the power control composition. p <0.05. Conclusions: Autologous free tissue flap reconstruction of head and neck defects after tumor is important, after a good indicator of clinical outcome.