objective: to study the optimization of pterygium resection clinical curative effect of combined limbal stem celltransplantation. Methods: our hospital 150 cases of patients with pterygium were randomly divided into two groups, 75 cases in each group, the observation group to optimize pterygium resection combined limbal stem celltransplantation therapy, the control group only take resection, compare the operative efficacy of two groups of patients. Results: the observation group of patients with the average recovery time was (2.45 + 0.21) d, the control group (5.64 + 0.56) d, observation group significantly shorter than the control group, two groups are significant difference (P ﹤ 0.01); Observation group 95 cases cured, 4 cases of recurrence, the recurrence rate was 4.04%, control group 20 cases of recurrence, the recurrence rate was 20.41%, the observation group significantly lower than the control group, two groups is significant difference, (P ﹤ 0.01). Conclusion: optimization of pterygium resection combined limbal stem celltransplantation, curative effect is distinct, quicker recovery, worthy of clinical popularization and application.