Objective To investigate the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride on IL-6 and IL-10 induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) .Methods Forty patients undergoing valve replacement with CPB were randomly divided into two groups(n=20): group PHC and group C. Pnehyclidine hydrochloride 0.1mg/kg was injected intravenously before 5min CPB.Blood samples were colected for IL-6 and IL-10 before CPB (T0),after 5min aorta block(T1),CPB cease(T2)and 48h (T3)and 1w(T4) after the operation .Results The levels of IL-6 was significantly lower and IL-10 was significantly higher in group P at T1~T3 than those in group C(P<0.05). Conclusion Penehyclidine hydrochloride could inhibit inflammatory response induced by cardiopulmonary bypass and may be helpful in preventing the systemic inflammatory response .