摘要
目的：观察不同浓度水合氯醛对家兔心电图的影响，建立适合本科教学的新的家兔室性心律失常模型。方法：采用家兔心电图描记方法,将健康家兔分为6组：水合氯醛低剂量组（5%，0.4 ml/kg）、水合氯醛中剂量组（10%，0.4 ml/kg）、水合氯醛高剂量组（15%，0.4 ml/kg）、水合氯醛高剂量+利多卡因组(1%,1ml/kg)、氯化钡组（0.5%，2ml/kg）、氯化钡+利多卡因组。比较各组心律失常发生率和持续时间。结果：水合氯醛导致家兔室性心律失常持续时间超过30min，与氯化钡组比较死亡率低（p＜0.001）；利多卡因可明显缩短水合氯醛室性心律失常持续时间（p＜0.05），心电图可恢复正常，与氯化钡组比较（p＜0.05）。结论：15%水合氯醛0.4ml/kg可以引起家兔稳定的室性心律失常，利多卡因有对抗作用。该模型与氯化钡模型比较具有操作简单，毒性小，心电图稳定，动物死亡率低等优点，更适合本科教学需要。
Abstract
Objective:To observe the influence of different concentration of chloral hydrate in electrocardiogram (ECG) on rabbit, establish a new model of rabbit ventricular arrhythmia suitable for undergraduate teaching. Methods: Rabbit electrocardiogram (ECG) trace method, healthy rabbit can be divided into 6 groups, Chloral hydrate low dose group(5%,0.4 ml/kg), Chloral hydrate middle dose group(10%,0.4 ml/kg), Chloral hydrate high dose group(15%,0.4 ml/kg), high dose of chloral hydrate and lidocaine(1%,1ml/kg), barium-chloride(0.5%,2ml/kg), barium- chloride and lidocaine group. The incidence of arrhythmia and duration of each group was compared.Results: High dose group of arrhythmia duration more than 30 minutes, Compared with barium chloride group mortality was lower (p < 0.001); To compared with barium chloride group,lidocaine can obviously shorten the duration of the chloral hydrate ventricular arrhythmia (p < 0.05), electrocardiogram (ECG) return to normal (p < 0.05). Conclusion: 15% chloral hydrate 0.4 ml/kg can cause stability on rabbit ventricular arrhythmia, Lidocaine against arrhythmia caused by chloral hydrate ventricular arrhythmia on rabbit. Compared with barium chloride model it is simple operation,low toxicity, Stability of electrocardiogram. The model is more suitable for undergraduate teaching.
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